CGTN主播王冠：特朗普提名演说中的几大事实错误

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原标题：CGTN主播王冠：特朗普提名演说中的几大事实错误

In his acceptance speech at the Republican National Convention， President Donald Trump made a number of claims about his domestic and foreign policy achievements for the past four years。 How many of them are true？ And how many are false？ Let‘s take a look at some of them。

在共和党全国代表大会上发表接受提名演讲时，唐纳德?特朗普总统对自己在过去4年中的内政和外交成就做出了多个论断。其中有多少是事实，又有多少是谎言？一起来看一下其中的几个。

Claim No。 1： Trump said： “The United States has among the lowest case fatality rates of any major country in the world。”

说法一：特朗普说 “美国的新冠肺炎死亡率比世界上任何其他主要国家都低。”

Well， this is false。

这是谎言。

The fatality rate of the United States is currently around three percent。 That rate puts the U.S。 on the 51st place out of 170 countries， according to Johns Hopkins University。

美国目前的死亡率是3%左右，根据约翰?霍普金斯大学的数据，在170个国家中排第51位。

Among the 20 most affected countries， America‘s fatality rate ranks right in the middle， higher than those of Bangladesh， India， South Africa， and Iraq。

在目前受疫情影响最严重的20个国家中，美国的死亡率居中，高于孟加拉国、南非和伊拉克。

However you look at it， the U.S。 doesn‘t have the lowest fatality rate。 It does， unfortunately and tragically， lead the world in the absolute death count and case count。

不论怎么看，美国的死亡率也不是最低的。遗憾和不幸的是，美国领先全球的是绝对死亡和感染人数。

Claim No。 2： On race relations， Trump asserted， “I‘ve done more for African Americans than any president since Abraham Lincoln。”

说法二：针对种族关系问题，特朗普宣称“我为非裔美国人做的比林肯之后的任何一个总统都多。”

President Lyndon Johnson signed the 1964 Civil Rights Act， which ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination based on race。 Johnson also signed the 1965 Voting Rights Act， removing barriers for African Americans to vote。

林登?约翰逊总统在1964年签署了《民权法案》，取消了公共场所的种族隔离，禁止了就业中的种族歧视。约翰逊还在1965年签署了《选举权法案》，取消了对非裔美国人的投票限制。

President Harry Truman de-segregated the military， using an executive order to bypass a Congress dominated by supporters of segregation in the military。

哈里?杜鲁门总统结束了军队中的种族隔离，通过行政命令绕过了由部队种族隔离政策支持者主导的国会。

Many historians would argue that those pieces of legislation have had a longer lasting impact than any executive order or bill Trump has signed。

在许多历史学家看来，这些法律所产生的影响比特朗普签署的任何行政命令或是法案都更为深远。

And let‘s not forget how African Americans themselves see the president。 According to a recent Quinnipiac University poll， approval rating for Trump among African Americans is four percent， versus 93 percent disapproval。

此外，也不要忘了非裔美国人是如何看待这位总统的。昆尼皮亚克大学最近的一项民调显示，特朗普在非裔美国人中的支持率为4%，而反对率是93%。

Claim No。 3： On energy， Trump said， “We will greatly expand energy development， continuing to remain the number one in the world， and keep America energy independent。”

说法三：关于能源问题，特朗普称“我们将大力开发能源，保持世界第一的位置，保证美国的能源独立。”

Well， this is partially true。

这个说法部分是事实。

According to the Energy Information Administration， the U.S。 surpassed Russia to become the world‘s largest producer of natural gas in 2011。 And it surpassed Saudi Arabia in 2018 to become the world’s largest producer of petroleum。

能源信息管理局的数据显示，美国2011年超过俄罗斯成为世界第一大天然气生产国，2018年超过沙特成为世界第一大石油生产国。

But the U.S。 is not exactly “energy independent。” In 2019， nearly half the oil consumed by the U.S。 – about nine million barrels per day – was imported。

但美国并未真正实现“能源独立”。2019年，美国消耗的近半数石油，即每天900万桶左右，都来自进口。

Claim No。 4： On the economy and jobs， Trump said， “Over the past three months， we have gained over nine million jobs， and that‘s a record in the history of our country。”

说法四：关于经济和就业，特朗普说“在过去3个月，我们新增900万个就业岗位，这是美国历史上从来没有过的。”

This is false。

这是谎言。

Yes， the U.S。 economy gained more than nine million jobs between April and June， but it had lost more than 20 million between February and April。 That means the economy is still down nearly 13 million jobs amid the COVID-19 pandemic。 Also， many of the jobs gained were people returning to work after temporary layoffs。

是的，美国经济在四月到六月间新增超过900万个就业岗位，但在二月到四月间失去了超过2000万个就业岗位。这意味着，美国经济在新冠肺炎疫情期间损失了近1300万个就业岗位。同时，很多新增的就业岗位是短期失业人员返岗所产生的。

Claim No。 5： On China， Trump said， “Washington insiders asked me NOT to stand up to China – they pleaded with me to let China continue stealing our jobs， ripping us off， and robbing our country blind。 But I kept my word to the American people。 We took the toughest， boldest， strongest， and hardest hitting action against China in American history。”

说法五：关于中国，特朗普说“政府内部有人让我不要和中国对抗。他们恳求我继续放任中国偷走我们的工作机会，敲我们的竹杠，把我们的国家抢光。但我遵守了对美国人民的承诺。我们对中国采取了美国历史上最为强硬、最为大胆、最为严厉、最为铁腕的打击行动。”

Well， this is misleading。

这是误导。

In fact many Washington insiders asked Trump not to engage in a trade war or economic decoupling with China but Trump went ahead anyway， as many believe， for his re-election。

事实上，很多华盛顿内部人士对特朗普提出的请求是不要和中国打贸易战或是进行经济脱钩，但特朗普却一意孤行。正如很多人所认为的那样，这是为了竞选。

And， yes， Trump can tell his base that his trade war with China is the “boldest” and “hardest-hitting” action， but the truth is the trade war hurts both sides， including the Americans。

是的，特朗普可以告诉他的基本盘，对华贸易战是“最为大胆”和“最为铁腕”的行动。但事实上，贸易战对双方都造成了损害，包括美国人。

Tariffs are taxes that are mostly paid by American farmers， retailers， manufacturers， businesses and consumers。 According to Tariffs Hurt the Heartland， the trade war has so far cost Americans over 57 billion U.S。 dollars。 That is 810 dollars per second。

关税主要由美国农民、零售商、制造商、企业和消费者支付。“关税伤害美国腹地”组织的数据显示，贸易战到目前为止给美国人带来的损失超过570亿美元，也就是每秒钟810美元。

Most estimates show that Trump made over 20 false assertions during his acceptance speech。 But does this even matter？ Four years ago， Trump commanded his base not by sticking to facts but by evoking strong emotions with sometimes unsubstantiated assertions。 Will history repeat itself？ We will find out soon。

根据大多数估计，特朗普的接受提名演讲中包含着20多个不实说法。但问题是，这重要吗？四年前，特朗普能够调动基本盘不是因为每次都尊重事实，而是因为他会用一些未经证实的说法来煽动强烈情绪。历史是否将会重演？我们很快就会知道答案。

责任编辑：张申